“The front line is my life,” says Gen. Oleksandr Syrsky, the man whose battlefield skills could determine the result of Ukraine’s brutal ongoing war with Russia. Like the bravest military leaders, he is prepared to lead by example and to share the dangers of the men under his command.
It is no surprise that Syrsky, who was appointed as Commander-in-Chief of Ukraine’s Armed Forces seven months ago, feels comfortable in the trenches even if sometimes they are located less than a mile from the enemy.
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He has, after all, not simply been fighting Russians since the all-out war began in February 2022 but he has been confronting the illegal acts of Ukraine’s neighboring power for more than a decade.
For in the West, it is sometimes forgotten that in February and March 2014, Russia illegally invaded the Crimean Peninsula, part of Ukraine, and then annexed it. Soon afterward, Russia also expanded its military influence into parts of the Donbas and Luhansk regions.
During a recent interview with Christiane Amanpour for CNN, the general was asked about his relationship with his soldiers. “We speak the same language. We understand each other no matter who I am talking to, whether it is an ordinary soldier, a rifleman, for example, or a brigade commander or a battalion commander,” he replied.
But who is this four-star general in whom President Volodymyr Zelensky has entrusted not just his own future but arguably the future of the entire nation? What are his characteristics? How close is his relationship with the president? How and why did he mastermind the daring incursion into Russia just weeks ago?
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Like every politician and military leader in Ukraine, or indeed elsewhere, Syrsky has his critics as well as his supporters. He has been called the “Meat General” and the “butcher of Bakhmut,” but are such labels fair? To answer those questions and many more, I spoke to some of those who know him best.
Oleksandr Stanislavovych Syrsky was born into a military family in the rural village of Novinki, near Moscow, on July 26, 1965. At that time, Russia – like Ukraine – was part of the former Soviet Union.
As a teenager, and inspired and encouraged by his father, he became set on a career in the army. Syrsky studied at the Moscow Higher Military Command School, the leading military training school in the Soviet Union at the time.
He arrived in Ukraine for the first time soon after completing his training, with an appointment in Chernihiv – it was not a coveted role and it resulted from a spat with a senior officer who thought it would be something of a punishment.
Syrsky, however, made a success of the posting and soon gained a series of promotions. He served in Afghanistan, the Tajik SSR and Czechoslovakia before the break-up of the Soviet Union, but by this point he regarded Ukraine as his home.
After Ukraine gained independence in 1991, when Syrsky was aged 26, he was absorbed into the Ukrainian military. Shortly after independence, he took an oath of allegiance to Ukraine that his friends say was, and is, all-important to him. So after Russia’s illegal annexation of Crimea, there was only ever one side that he was going to be fighting on.
After 2015, he served in eastern Ukraine, pitting his wits against the country of his birth, military officers he knew well, and the country where members of his close family still lived.
In early 2015, after the annexation of Crimea and as Russians tried to seize more Ukrainian territory, he left his mark by leading thousands of Ukrainian soldiers to safety when they were virtually encircled by Russian soldiers in and around the city of Debaltseve. Without Syrsky’s courageous intervention, these troops would almost certainly have been butchered.
After 2015, he served in eastern Ukraine, pitting his wits against the country of his birth, military officers that he knew well, and the country where members of his close family still lived.
Syrsky is twice married with a son from each union, but he guards his privacy and has few close friends in the army, preferring to keep such relationships entirely professional. Yet, with friends outside the army, he is said to be open, charming, loyal and with a good sense of humor.
He demands the highest standards of discipline and fitness from his men yet, once again, broad-shouldered but slim, he leads by example. Despite turning 60 next year, he still likes to run 6 miles a day and he regularly works out in the gym.
Friends say he is intelligent and strategic, an excellent mathematician and a keen chess player. He loves military history and has studied battlefield tactics spanning from the Romans to beyond the Second World War. However, since the all-out war with Russia began, he has discarded most of his hobbies and regularly survives on less than five hours’ sleep a night.
When Ukraine was invaded on Feb. 24, 2022, Syrsky was head of Ukraine’s ground forces, effectively deputy to Gen. Valery Zaluzhny. Immediately after the invasion, he distinguished himself, masterminding the successful defense of Kyiv. However, this was only possible because he had anticipated the invasion weeks before and made meticulous preparations for the defense of the city.
As early as April 2022, he was named as a Hero of Ukraine, the country’s highest bravery award. Later that year he played the key role in recapturing parts of the Kharkiv region, once again displaying both courage and tactical nous.
His critics claim that as well as these two great victories, he should also take partial responsibility for the death of thousands of soldiers in the defense of Bakhmut, which fell to the Russians in May 2023 after a bloody ten-month battle.
His supporters, however, blame political opponents for wrongly suggesting in the media that he is careless with the lives of his men. As for the loss of Bakhmut, they say the city would have fallen far earlier if it had not been for Syrsky making the best of an impossible situation in which his men were outnumbered and outgunned.
Throughout the war, Syrsky has always retained the support and respect of Zelensky, so much so that, when the president fell out with Zaluzhny early this year, Syrsky was named his successor as Commander-in Chief. Political sources say he got the role entirely on merit and because Zelensky admired his professionalism, commitment and tactical skills.
Zaluzhny’s sacking, however, surprised and angered many Ukrainians, especially as he was popular with many rank-and-file troops. Zaluzhny was given the job of Ukrainian Ambassador to the UK. Most Ukrainians do not see it as a coincidence that such a role, prestigious though it is, keeps Zaluzhny out of his homeland.
Nobody doubted that Syrsky had a tough job from the start of his new role, with supplies of weapons and ammunition at an all-time low. For example, when I visited the frontline city of Lyman in the bitter cold in February, the month of his appointment, soldiers complained they could only fire a single artillery shell in response to ten incoming ones from the Russians.
However, Syrsky steadied the ship and left his mark before both creating and masterminding a daring incursion into Russia’s Kursk region last month. It was the first time in 80 years that enemy soldiers had captured Russian soil.
Senior sources told me that to ensure secrecy, Syrsky worked exclusively with the president and a handful of his most trusted officers and military intelligence experts. By pulling off the coup he answered criticisms that he was too conservative and cautious.
The Kursk incursion was a huge gamble that embarrassed and angered Russian President Vladimir Putin. Eventually, Ukraine claimed to have seized some 500 square miles of Russian territory.
The incursion acted as a huge boost to morale for the Ukrainian people. For most of 2024, bad news had been heaped on more bad news as the Russians gradually picked off villages and towns along the front line.
Syrsky admitted in his CNN interview that he was glad to have boosted spirits.
“This was a factor that significantly improved the morale of not only the military but the entire Ukrainian population,” he said.
Furthermore, Syrsky believes that Russia had intended to use Kursk as a springboard to attack Ukraine and the incursion scuppered this apparent plan.
“Therefore, in assessing our capabilities, we chose the weakest point in the enemy’s defense, in the enemy’s structure,” he said.
“We moved the fighting to the enemy’s territory so that he could feel what we feel every day,” the general said. “In addition, we took a sufficient number of prisoners. We created an ‘exchange fund’ in order to release our military personnel who are in captivity.”
Syrsky has been lauded at home for his daring. Some Ukrainian ministers of parliament have compared him to a “Ukrainian Zhukov,” referring to Gen. Georgy Zhukov, who led the Red Army to defeat the Nazis.
All in all, his first seven months in the job have gone well. Of course, there have been setbacks for Syrsky too, but few of his own making. With the Russians still having far more men and more ammunition in the battle for Pokrovsk, Ukraine looks likely to lose the strategically important frontline city within weeks.
Earlier this month, further pressure was applied on the entire Ukrainian military with the decision by the US still not to allow Ukraine to strike military targets inside Russia with Western-supplied long-range missiles. It came after threats by President Putin that such a move would be tantamount to NATO being at war with Russia. Syrsky, like his president, is said to be both disappointed and baffled by the West’s indecision.
The future for Ukraine, its armed forces and its Commander-in-Chief is, once again, shrouded in uncertainty. One thing, however, is certain: General Oleksandr Syrsky will not shirk the fight. As one close friend put it, “Russia gave him his education and training, but Ukraine gave him his calling.”
This article is reprinted from the UK's Sunday Express with the author's permission. See the orginal here.
Lord Ashcroft KCMG PC. Lord Ashcroft is an international businessman, philanthropist, author and pollster. For more information on his work, visit lordashcroft.com. Follow him on X/Facebook @LordAshcroft.
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